PROBLEM LINK:
Practice
Contest: Division 1
Contest: Division 2
Contest: Division 3
Contest: Division 4
Author: satyam_343
Testers: IceKnight1093, tejas10p
Editorialist: IceKnight1093
DIFFICULTY:
1569
PREREQUISITES:
Basic knowledge of gcd
PROBLEM:
Let f(B, x) be the smallest integer y such that x divides every y\cdot B_i.
Given an array A, compute f(A, A_i) for each 1 \leq i \leq N.
EXPLANATION:
First, let’s see how to compute f(A, A_1): then we can extend this to everything else.
For a given i, what are the values of y such that y\cdot A_i is divisible by A_1?
Well, intuitively y should contain all those factors of A_1 that are not in A_1.
So, let’s take A_1 and remove all the common factors of A_1 and A_i from it, giving us \displaystyle \frac{A_1}{\gcd(A_1, A_i)}.
Note that any valid y should be a multiple of this value.
Now, we want y to be the smallest possible multiply of every such value.
Similar reasoning should tell you that we choose \displaystyle y = \frac{A_1}{\gcd(A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_N)}.
Why?
Notice that to get \displaystyle \frac{A_1}{\gcd(A_1, A_i)}, we removed all the common factors of A_1 and A_i since those were redundant.
What if there were two values, say A_i and A_j?
Well, the redundant factors in this case are the ones common to all three of A_1, A_i, A_j, which is exactly \gcd(A_1, A_i, A_j).
Extending this to all N positions gives us the above result.
Now that we have this, note that the denominator, \gcd(A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_N) is a constant.
So, let’s first compute g = \gcd(A_1, \ldots, A_N) by iterating across the array.
Then, \displaystyle f(A, A_i) = \frac{A_i}{g} which can be computed in \mathcal{O}(1).
TIME COMPLEXITY:
\mathcal{O}(N + \log\max A) per testcase.
CODE:
Setter's code (C++)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
const ll INF_MUL=1e13;
const ll INF_ADD=1e18;
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define nline "\n"
#define f first
#define s second
#define pll pair<ll,ll>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define vl vector<ll>
#define vvl vector<vector<ll>>
#define vvvl vector<vector<vector<ll>>>
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
#define debug(x) cerr<<#x<<" "; _print(x); cerr<<nline;
#else
#define debug(x);
#endif
void _print(ll x){cerr<<x;}
void _print(char x){cerr<<x;}
void _print(string x){cerr<<x;}
mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
template<class T,class V> void _print(pair<T,V> p) {cerr<<"{"; _print(p.first);cerr<<","; _print(p.second);cerr<<"}";}
template<class T>void _print(vector<T> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i);cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T>void _print(set<T> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i); cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T>void _print(multiset<T> v) {cerr<< " [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i);cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T,class V>void _print(map<T, V> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for(auto i:v) {_print(i);cerr<<" ";} cerr<<"]";}
typedef tree<ll, null_type, less<ll>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_set;
typedef tree<ll, null_type, less_equal<ll>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_multiset;
typedef tree<pair<ll,ll>, null_type, less<pair<ll,ll>>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_pset;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
const ll MOD=998244353;
const ll MAX=2002;
ll pw(ll x,ll ex){
ll now=1;
while(ex--){
now=(now*x)%MOD;
}
return now;
}
void solve(){
ll n; cin>>n;
vector<ll> a(n+5,0);
ll g=0;
for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++){
cin>>a[i];
g=__gcd(g,a[i]);
}
for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++){
a[i]/=g;
cout<<a[i]<<" \n"[i==n];
}
return;
}
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(NULL);
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
freopen("error.txt", "w", stderr);
#endif
ll test_cases=1;
cin>>test_cases;
while(test_cases--){
solve();
}
cout<<fixed<<setprecision(10);
cerr<<"Time:"<<1000*((double)clock())/(double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<"ms\n";
}
Tester's code (C++)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
const ll INF_MUL=1e13;
const ll INF_ADD=1e18;
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define nline "\n"
#define f first
#define s second
#define pll pair<ll,ll>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define vl vector<ll>
#define vvl vector<vector<ll>>
#define vvvl vector<vector<vector<ll>>>
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
#define debug(x) cerr<<#x<<" "; _print(x); cerr<<nline;
#else
#define debug(x);
#endif
void _print(ll x){cerr<<x;}
void _print(char x){cerr<<x;}
void _print(string x){cerr<<x;}
mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
template<class T,class V> void _print(pair<T,V> p) {cerr<<"{"; _print(p.first);cerr<<","; _print(p.second);cerr<<"}";}
template<class T>void _print(vector<T> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i);cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T>void _print(set<T> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i); cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T>void _print(multiset<T> v) {cerr<< " [ "; for (T i:v){_print(i);cerr<<" ";}cerr<<"]";}
template<class T,class V>void _print(map<T, V> v) {cerr<<" [ "; for(auto i:v) {_print(i);cerr<<" ";} cerr<<"]";}
typedef tree<ll, null_type, less<ll>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_set;
typedef tree<ll, null_type, less_equal<ll>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_multiset;
typedef tree<pair<ll,ll>, null_type, less<pair<ll,ll>>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> ordered_pset;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
const ll MOD=998244353;
const ll MAX=2002;
ll pw(ll x,ll ex){
ll now=1;
while(ex--){
now=(now*x)%MOD;
}
return now;
}
void solve(){
ll n; cin>>n;
vector<ll> a(n+5,0);
ll g=0;
for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++){
cin>>a[i];
g=__gcd(g,a[i]);
}
for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++){
a[i]/=g;
cout<<a[i]<<" \n"[i==n];
}
return;
}
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(NULL);
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
freopen("error.txt", "w", stderr);
#endif
ll test_cases=1;
cin>>test_cases;
while(test_cases--){
solve();
}
cout<<fixed<<setprecision(10);
cerr<<"Time:"<<1000*((double)clock())/(double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<"ms\n";
}
Editorialist's code (Python)
from math import gcd
for _ in range(int(input())):
n = int(input())
a = list(map(int, input().split()))
g = gcd(*a)
print(*[x//g for x in a])