#include <stdio.h> // Call-by-value (cannot swap) void swapByValue(int x, int y) { // space aft

general
1

include <stdio.h>

// Call-by-value (cannot swap)
void swapByValue(int x, int y) {
// space after x=, no space after y= (exactly as per requirement)
printf(“Using call-by-value x= %d, y=%d\n”, x, y);
}

// Call-by-reference (can swap)
void swapByReference(int *x, int *y) {
int temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = temp;
}

int main() {
int a, b;
scanf(“%d %d”, &a, &b);

// Call-by-value
swapByValue(a, b);

// Call-by-reference
swapByReference(&a, &b);
printf("Using call-by-reference x=%d, y=%d\n", a, b);

return 0;

}