Find the number of increasing sequences that are also increasing when XOR-ed by another sequence.
QUICK EXPLANATION:
First, it’s helpful to be familiar with digit dp. The state we need to keep is whether or not b_i is strictly less than b_{i+1} and a_i XOR b_i is strictly less than a_{i+1} XOR b_{i+1}. This is a total of 2^(2(N-1)) states per digit.
EXPLANATION:
Using the logic above, we can solve f(bit, mask1, mask2) denoting number of ways given we can fill in the bits 0 to bit. The i-th bit in mask1 (resp mask2) is 1 if and only if b_i (resp a_i XOR b_i) is strictly less than b_{i+1} (resp a_{i+1} XOR b_{i+1}).
Using this logic, we can brute force over all 2^n ways to fill in the current bit for b, make sure they satisfy the constraints in mask, and recurse to smaller cases.
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First, you should be familiar with digit dp. If not, most of the following will not make sense. Let’s just talk about mask1 (mask2 is identical). Since we’re iterating from highest bit to lowest bit, we know that p < q if and only if the highest bit in which p and q differ has a 0 in that position for p and a 1 in that position for q. So, we know that b_i and b_{i+1} have to be the same until some certain bit where b_i has a zero and b_{i+1} has a 1, and after that, they can be whatever they want. Thus, the mask helps us keep track of that state for us.
