#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define MOD 1000000007
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int t;
cin>>t;
while(t–)
{
long long int n,k,ans,c,b1,a2;
cin>>n>>k;
if(n==2)
{
ans=(((k-1)*(k))/2);
ans=ans%MOD;
}
else
{
c=((k-1)/(n-1))+1;
if(c==1)
ans=(k-1)%MOD;
else
{
a2=((k-1)-((c-1)*(n-1)))%MOD;
b1=(((c)*((a2)+(k-1)))/2)%MOD;
ans=b1;
//cout<<c<<a2<<" "<<endl;
}
//cout<<c<<" "ans<<endl;
}
cout<<ans<<endl;
}
return 0;
}