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Practice
Setter: Surya Prakash
Tester: Tejas Pandey and Utkarsh Gupta
Editorialist: Taranpreet Singh
DIFFICULTY
Simple
PREREQUISITES
Basic Math
PROBLEM
Given an integer N, construct an array A containing N distinct elements in range [1, 10^9] such that for each subarray A_{L, R}, the sum \displaystyle\sum_{i = L}^R A_i is divisible by length of subarray, i.e. (R-L+1).
QUICK EXPLANATION
Any arithmetic sequence with a common difference of a multiple of 2 would do.
EXPLANATION
Since this is a constructive problem, there may be many possible solutions. Iβd share the one setting panel used, and prove why it works.
Letβs consider an arithmetic sequence with first term a and common difference d. The sum of first n terms of this sequence would be a*n + d*n*(n-1)/2. The term a*n is always a multiple of n, so we can choose any start term. We need n*d*(n-1)/2 to be a multiple of n, which can happen only when d*(n-1)/2 is an integer. Letβs choose d = 2. This way, the term a*n + d*n*(n-1)/2 is guaranteed to be a multiple of n.
This way, we can choose the array A such that A_i = a + d*i, where d is even, and 1 \leq a+d*i \leq 10^9. Any subarray of this A would be an arithmetic sequence with some start term and the common difference of a multiple of 2.
Hence, all subarrays would have sum a multiple of the length of the subarray, thus solving this problem.
Do share in the comments if you used some other construction based on a different idea.
TIME COMPLEXITY
The time complexity is O(N) per test case since we need to output N integers.
SOLUTIONS
Tester's Solution 1
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
/*
------------------------Input Checker----------------------------------
*/
long long readInt(long long l,long long r,char endd){
long long x=0;
int cnt=0;
int fi=-1;
bool is_neg=false;
while(true){
char g=getchar();
if(g==β-β){
assert(fi==-1);
is_neg=true;
continue;
}
if(β0β<=g && g<=β9β){
x*=10;
x+=g-β0β;
if(cnt==0){
fi=g-β0β;
}
cnt++;
assert(fi!=0 || cnt==1);
assert(fi!=0 || is_neg==false);
assert(!(cnt>19 || ( cnt==19 && fi>1) ));
} else if(g==endd){
if(is_neg){
x= -x;
}
if(!(l <= x && x <= r))
{
cerr << l << ' ' << r << ' ' << x << '\n';
assert(1 == 0);
}
return x;
} else {
assert(false);
}
}
}
string readString(int l,int r,char endd){
string ret=ββ;
int cnt=0;
while(true){
char g=getchar();
assert(g!=-1);
if(g==endd){
break;
}
cnt++;
ret+=g;
}
assert(l<=cnt && cnt<=r);
return ret;
}
long long readIntSp(long long l,long long r){
return readInt(l,r,β β);
}
long long readIntLn(long long l,long long r){
return readInt(l,r,β\nβ);
}
string readStringLn(int l,int r){
return readString(l,r,β\nβ);
}
string readStringSp(int l,int r){
return readString(l,r,β ');
}
/*
------------------------Main code starts here----------------------------------
*/
const int MAX_T = 1000;
const int MAX_N = 1000;
const int MAX_SUM_LEN = 5000;
#define fast ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define ll long long
const ll LIM = 1000000000;
#define pll pair<ll ,ll>
#define tll tuple<ll, ll, ll>
int sum_len = 0;
int max_n = 0;
int yess = 0;
int nos = 0;
int total_ops = 0;
void solve() {
int n;
n = readIntLn(1, MAX_N);
sum_len += n;
assert(sum_len <= MAX_SUM_LEN);
int cd = 100000, st = 1;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cout << st << " ";
st += cd;
}
cout << β\nβ;
}
signed main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("inputf.txt", "r" , stdin);
freopen("outputf.txt", "w" , stdout);
#endif
fast;
int t = 1;
t = readIntLn(1, MAX_T);
for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
{
solve();
}
assert(getchar() == -1);
cerr<<"SUCCESS\n";
cerr<<"Tests : " << t << '\n';
cerr<<"Sum of lengths : " << sum_len << '\n';
// cerr<<"Maximum length : " << max_n << '\n';
// cerr<<"Total operations : " << total_ops << '\n';
//cerr<<"Answered yes : " << yess << '\n';
//cerr<<"Answered no : " << nos << '\n';
}
Tester's Solution 2
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
/*
------------------------Input Checker----------------------------------
*/
long long readInt(long long l,long long r,char endd){
long long x=0;
int cnt=0;
int fi=-1;
bool is_neg=false;
while(true){
char g=getchar();
if(g=='-'){
assert(fi==-1);
is_neg=true;
continue;
}
if('0'<=g && g<='9'){
x*=10;
x+=g-'0';
if(cnt==0){
fi=g-'0';
}
cnt++;
assert(fi!=0 || cnt==1);
assert(fi!=0 || is_neg==false);
assert(!(cnt>19 || ( cnt==19 && fi>1) ));
} else if(g==endd){
if(is_neg){
x= -x;
}
if(!(l <= x && x <= r))
{
cerr << l << ' ' << r << ' ' << x << '\n';
assert(1 == 0);
}
return x;
} else {
assert(false);
}
}
}
string readString(int l,int r,char endd){
string ret="";
int cnt=0;
while(true){
char g=getchar();
assert(g!=-1);
if(g==endd){
break;
}
cnt++;
ret+=g;
}
assert(l<=cnt && cnt<=r);
return ret;
}
long long readIntSp(long long l,long long r){
return readInt(l,r,' ');
}
long long readIntLn(long long l,long long r){
return readInt(l,r,'\n');
}
string readStringLn(int l,int r){
return readString(l,r,'\n');
}
string readStringSp(int l,int r){
return readString(l,r,' ');
}
/*
------------------------Main code starts here----------------------------------
*/
const int MAX_T = 1000;
const int MAX_N = 1000;
const int MAX_SUM_LEN = 5000;
#define fast ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
int sumN=0;
void solve()
{
int n=readInt(1,MAX_N,'\n');
sumN+=n;
assert(sumN<=MAX_SUM_LEN);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
cout<<2*i+1<<' ';
}
cout<<'\n';
}
signed main()
{
fast;
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
#endif
int t = readInt(1,MAX_T,'\n');
for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
{
solve();
}
assert(getchar() == -1);
}
Editorialist's Solution
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
class SUBPRB{
//SOLUTION BEGIN
void pre() throws Exception{}
void solve(int TC) throws Exception{
int N = ni();
for(int i = 1; i<= N; i++)p(2*i+" ");pn("");
}
//SOLUTION END
void hold(boolean b)throws Exception{if(!b)throw new Exception("Hold right there, Sparky!");}
static boolean multipleTC = true;
FastReader in;PrintWriter out;
void run() throws Exception{
in = new FastReader();
out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
//Solution Credits: Taranpreet Singh
int T = (multipleTC)?ni():1;
pre();for(int t = 1; t<= T; t++)solve(t);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
new SUBPRB().run();
}
int bit(long n){return (n==0)?0:(1+bit(n&(n-1)));}
void p(Object o){out.print(o);}
void pn(Object o){out.println(o);}
void pni(Object o){out.println(o);out.flush();}
String n()throws Exception{return in.next();}
String nln()throws Exception{return in.nextLine();}
int ni()throws Exception{return Integer.parseInt(in.next());}
long nl()throws Exception{return Long.parseLong(in.next());}
double nd()throws Exception{return Double.parseDouble(in.next());}
class FastReader{
BufferedReader br;
StringTokenizer st;
public FastReader(){
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
}
public FastReader(String s) throws Exception{
br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(s));
}
String next() throws Exception{
while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()){
try{
st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
}catch (IOException e){
throw new Exception(e.toString());
}
}
return st.nextToken();
}
String nextLine() throws Exception{
String str = "";
try{
str = br.readLine();
}catch (IOException e){
throw new Exception(e.toString());
}
return str;
}
}
}
Feel free to share your approach. Suggestions are welcomed as always.